Main Article Content
Abstract
This research aims to determine the effect of palm kernel cake-based diets hydrolyzed using cellulase and mannanase enzymes on carcass weight in broiler chickens. This research used 200 DOC heads produced by PT. Japfa was kept for 35 days in the Poultry Experiment Cage of the Animal Cultivation Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Jambi University. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. The variables observed in this research were feed consumption, slaughter weight, absolute carcass weight, and relative carcass weight. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). If there was a significant effect, then continue with the Duncan test. The results of the study showed that giving rations based on palm kernel cake, which was hydrolyzed using cellulase and mannanase enzymes, had a significant effect (P<0.05) on feed consumption, slaughter weight and absolute carcass weight but had no significant effect (P>0.05) on body weight. Relative carcass. It was concluded that the 50 mL/Kg cellulase enzyme and 100 mL/Kg mannanase enzyme showed increased broiler chicken carcass weight.
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References
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- Chin, F. Y. 2002. Utilization of palm kernel cake as feed in Malaysia. Asian Livestock 26 (4):19-26.
- Choct, M., Y. Dersjant-Li, J. McLeish, and M. Peisker. 2010. Soy oligosaccharides and soluble non-starch polysaccharides: a review of digestion, nutritive and anti-nutritive effects in pigs and poultry. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 23:1386–1398.
- Despal. 2000. Kemampuan komposisi kimia dan kecernaan in vitro dalam mengestimasi kecernaan in vivo. Media Peternakan 23 (3): 84 – 88.
- Fahrudin, A., W. Tanwiriah, dan H. Indrijani. 2016. Konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi ransum ayam lokal di Jimmy’s Farm Cipanas Kabupaten Cianjur consumption. Journal Unpad ac.id. 1–9.
- Gultom, S. M., Supratman, R. D. H., dan Abun. 2014. Pengaruh Imbangan Energy dan Protein Ransum Terhadap Bobot Karkas Dan Bobot Lemak Abdominal Ayam Broiler Umur 3-5 Minggu. E-Journal Mahasiswa dan Pascasarjana Universitas Padjajaran Bandung. Vol.1 (1).
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- Latham, I., and Brooker, D. 2020. Current practice of Namaste Care for people living with Dementia in the UK. Nurs. Older People 2019, 31, 22–28.
- Leeson, S. and J. D. Summers. 2005. Commercial Poultry Nutrition. 3 rd Ed. University Book. Guelp, Ontario.
- Mendels, M., and Stenberg, D. 1976. Recent advances in cellulase technology. J. Ferment. Technol. 64: 267-286.
- Mairizal, dan Akmal. 2020. Respon Biologis Pemberian Bungkil Inti Sawit Hasil Fermentasi dengan Bakteri Mannanolitik Bacillus cereus V9 Terhadap Performans Dan Morfometrik Usus Halus Ayam Broiler. Lap. Penelitian. Fak. Peternak. Univ. jambi.
- Mairizal, F. Manin, dan E. Hendalia. 2018. Performans Ayam Broiler yang Diberi Probio_FM dan Bungkil Inti Sawit Hasil Hidrolisis dengan Enzim Mannanase yang Diproduksi dari Bacillus cereus V9. Laporan Penelitian Dosen Senior LPPM Universitas Jambi.
- Marwandana, Z., dan Agustina, L. 2013. Efektifitas kombinasi jumlah dan bentuk ramuan herbal sebagai imbuhan pakan terhadap performa broiler. Buletin Nutrisi dan makanan Ternak, 9(1).
- Nahashon, S. N., N. Adefope, A. Amenyenu, and D. Wright. 2005. Effects of Dietary Metabolizable Energy and Crude Protein Concentration on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of French Guinea Broiler. Poult. Sci. 84: 337-344.
- National Research Council. 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Rev. Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
- Navidshad, B., Liang, J.B., Jahromi, M.F., Akhlaghi, A., and Abdullah, N. 2016. Effects of enzymatic treatment and shell content of palm kernel expeller meal on performance, nutrient digestibility, and ileal bacterial population in broiler chickens. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 25, 474–482.
- Prawitasari, R. H., V. D. Y. B. Ismdi, dan I. Estiningdriati. 2012. Kecernaan protein kasar dan serat kasar serta laju digesta pada ayam arab yang diberi ransum dengan berbagai level Azolla microphylla. Animal Agricultur Journal. 1 (1) : 471- 478.
- Putra, T. G. 2017. Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya Linn) dalam Pakan Terhadap Bobot Badan Akhir, Bobot Karkas dan Persentase Karkas Ayam Broiler. Jurnal FAPERTANAK: Jurnal Pertanian dan Peternakan, 2(2), 58-64.
- Rahmadani, D., Hendalia, E., Mairizal, dan Akmal. 2020. Rasio efisiensi protein ransum yang mengandung bungkil inti sawit hasil fermentasi dengan Bacillus cereus V9 pada ayam broiler. In prosiding hasil penelitian dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. 112-116.
- Rasyaf, M. 2010. Panduan Beternak Ayam Pedaging. PT. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta.
- Sembiring, P. 2006. Biokonversi Limbah Pabrik Minyak Inti Sawit dengan Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan Implikasinya terhadap Performans Ayam Broiler. Disertasi. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung.
- Shukor, H. Abdeshahian, P. Al-Shorgani, N. K. N., Hamid, A. A., Rahman, N. A., and Kali, M. S. 2016. Saccharification of polysaccharide content of palm kernel cake using enzymatic catalysis for production of biobutanol in acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation. Bioresour Technol 202: 206- 213.
- Sinuraya, E. 2015. Pengaruh Penggunaan Multi Enzim Pada Ransum Yang Mengandung Bungkil Inti Sawit Terhadap Bobot Potong Dan Bobot Karkas Ayam Broiler. Universitas Jambi Fakultas Peternakan. Jambi.
- Steel, R. G. D., dan J. H. Torrie. 1991. Prinsip Dan Prosedur Statistik. Suatu Pendekatan Biometrik. Alih Bahasa Ir.B. Soemantri. Ed II. Gramedia Jakarta.
- Suryanah, S., Nur, H., dan Anggraeni, A. 2016. Pengaruh Neraca Kation Anion Ransum Yang Berbeda Terhadap Bobot Karkas Dan Bobot Giblet Ayam Broiler. Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara, 2(1) : 1-8.
- Suciani, Parimartha, K. W., Sumardani, N. L. G., Bidura, I. G. N. G., Kayana, I. G. N., dan Lindawait, A. 2011. Penambahan Multi Enzim Dan Ragi Tape Dalam Ransum Berserat Tinggi (Pod-Kakao) Untuk Menurunkan Kolesterol Daging Ayam Broiler. Jurnal Veteriner. 12 (1):69-76
- Syamsuhaidi. 2004. Penggunaan Duckweed (family Lemnaceae) Sebagai Pakan Serat Sumber Protein Dalam Ransum Ayam Pedaging. Disertasi. Program Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
- Wahju, J. 2004. Ilmu Nutrisi Unggas. Cetakan ke lima. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta
References
Alshelmani, M. I., Loh, T. C., Foo, H. L., Lau, W. H., Sazili, A. Q. 2017. Effect of feeding different levels of palm kernel cake fermented by Paenibacillus polymyxa ATCC 842 on nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, and gut microflora in broiler chickens. Animal Feed Science and Technology 216 (2016) 216–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.03.019
Amrullah, I. K. 2004. Nutrisi Ayam Broiler. Lembaga Satu Gunung Budi, Bogor.
Chin, F. Y. 2002. Utilization of palm kernel cake as feed in Malaysia. Asian Livestock 26 (4):19-26.
Choct, M., Y. Dersjant-Li, J. McLeish, and M. Peisker. 2010. Soy oligosaccharides and soluble non-starch polysaccharides: a review of digestion, nutritive and anti-nutritive effects in pigs and poultry. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 23:1386–1398.
Despal. 2000. Kemampuan komposisi kimia dan kecernaan in vitro dalam mengestimasi kecernaan in vivo. Media Peternakan 23 (3): 84 – 88.
Fahrudin, A., W. Tanwiriah, dan H. Indrijani. 2016. Konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi ransum ayam lokal di Jimmy’s Farm Cipanas Kabupaten Cianjur consumption. Journal Unpad ac.id. 1–9.
Gultom, S. M., Supratman, R. D. H., dan Abun. 2014. Pengaruh Imbangan Energy dan Protein Ransum Terhadap Bobot Karkas Dan Bobot Lemak Abdominal Ayam Broiler Umur 3-5 Minggu. E-Journal Mahasiswa dan Pascasarjana Universitas Padjajaran Bandung. Vol.1 (1).
Juniarti. N., R. Ngitung, dan F. Hiola. 2019. Pengaruh pemberian tepung rumput laut pada ransum ayam broiler terhadap kadar lemak dan kolestrol. bionature , 20 (1), 57-78.
Latham, I., and Brooker, D. 2020. Current practice of Namaste Care for people living with Dementia in the UK. Nurs. Older People 2019, 31, 22–28.
Leeson, S. and J. D. Summers. 2005. Commercial Poultry Nutrition. 3 rd Ed. University Book. Guelp, Ontario.
Mendels, M., and Stenberg, D. 1976. Recent advances in cellulase technology. J. Ferment. Technol. 64: 267-286.
Mairizal, dan Akmal. 2020. Respon Biologis Pemberian Bungkil Inti Sawit Hasil Fermentasi dengan Bakteri Mannanolitik Bacillus cereus V9 Terhadap Performans Dan Morfometrik Usus Halus Ayam Broiler. Lap. Penelitian. Fak. Peternak. Univ. jambi.
Mairizal, F. Manin, dan E. Hendalia. 2018. Performans Ayam Broiler yang Diberi Probio_FM dan Bungkil Inti Sawit Hasil Hidrolisis dengan Enzim Mannanase yang Diproduksi dari Bacillus cereus V9. Laporan Penelitian Dosen Senior LPPM Universitas Jambi.
Marwandana, Z., dan Agustina, L. 2013. Efektifitas kombinasi jumlah dan bentuk ramuan herbal sebagai imbuhan pakan terhadap performa broiler. Buletin Nutrisi dan makanan Ternak, 9(1).
Nahashon, S. N., N. Adefope, A. Amenyenu, and D. Wright. 2005. Effects of Dietary Metabolizable Energy and Crude Protein Concentration on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of French Guinea Broiler. Poult. Sci. 84: 337-344.
National Research Council. 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Rev. Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
Navidshad, B., Liang, J.B., Jahromi, M.F., Akhlaghi, A., and Abdullah, N. 2016. Effects of enzymatic treatment and shell content of palm kernel expeller meal on performance, nutrient digestibility, and ileal bacterial population in broiler chickens. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 25, 474–482.
Prawitasari, R. H., V. D. Y. B. Ismdi, dan I. Estiningdriati. 2012. Kecernaan protein kasar dan serat kasar serta laju digesta pada ayam arab yang diberi ransum dengan berbagai level Azolla microphylla. Animal Agricultur Journal. 1 (1) : 471- 478.
Putra, T. G. 2017. Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya Linn) dalam Pakan Terhadap Bobot Badan Akhir, Bobot Karkas dan Persentase Karkas Ayam Broiler. Jurnal FAPERTANAK: Jurnal Pertanian dan Peternakan, 2(2), 58-64.
Rahmadani, D., Hendalia, E., Mairizal, dan Akmal. 2020. Rasio efisiensi protein ransum yang mengandung bungkil inti sawit hasil fermentasi dengan Bacillus cereus V9 pada ayam broiler. In prosiding hasil penelitian dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. 112-116.
Rasyaf, M. 2010. Panduan Beternak Ayam Pedaging. PT. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta.
Sembiring, P. 2006. Biokonversi Limbah Pabrik Minyak Inti Sawit dengan Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan Implikasinya terhadap Performans Ayam Broiler. Disertasi. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung.
Shukor, H. Abdeshahian, P. Al-Shorgani, N. K. N., Hamid, A. A., Rahman, N. A., and Kali, M. S. 2016. Saccharification of polysaccharide content of palm kernel cake using enzymatic catalysis for production of biobutanol in acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation. Bioresour Technol 202: 206- 213.
Sinuraya, E. 2015. Pengaruh Penggunaan Multi Enzim Pada Ransum Yang Mengandung Bungkil Inti Sawit Terhadap Bobot Potong Dan Bobot Karkas Ayam Broiler. Universitas Jambi Fakultas Peternakan. Jambi.
Steel, R. G. D., dan J. H. Torrie. 1991. Prinsip Dan Prosedur Statistik. Suatu Pendekatan Biometrik. Alih Bahasa Ir.B. Soemantri. Ed II. Gramedia Jakarta.
Suryanah, S., Nur, H., dan Anggraeni, A. 2016. Pengaruh Neraca Kation Anion Ransum Yang Berbeda Terhadap Bobot Karkas Dan Bobot Giblet Ayam Broiler. Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara, 2(1) : 1-8.
Suciani, Parimartha, K. W., Sumardani, N. L. G., Bidura, I. G. N. G., Kayana, I. G. N., dan Lindawait, A. 2011. Penambahan Multi Enzim Dan Ragi Tape Dalam Ransum Berserat Tinggi (Pod-Kakao) Untuk Menurunkan Kolesterol Daging Ayam Broiler. Jurnal Veteriner. 12 (1):69-76
Syamsuhaidi. 2004. Penggunaan Duckweed (family Lemnaceae) Sebagai Pakan Serat Sumber Protein Dalam Ransum Ayam Pedaging. Disertasi. Program Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Wahju, J. 2004. Ilmu Nutrisi Unggas. Cetakan ke lima. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta