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Abstract
This study uses the sequencing method to determine the genetic diversity of the prolactin gene (PRL) in the exon four region in Bayang ducks. This study used 118 blood samples of Bayang ducks. Blood samples were isolated and then sequenced using a pair of primers L: 5'- GCA CAG TTG TTC TTA CTA GTT CG -3' and R: 5'- TCT GAG AAC TTT GCA GCT ATC T -3', which produced a 586 bp fragment in the Prolactin (PRL) gene exon 4. The amplification product was sequenced using First Base Singapore's services. The results showed that there were 16 polymorphisms in the exon four region and parts of introns 3 and 4 in the Bayang duck sample, namely two deletions at position -223C>del and -218A>del and 14 mutations at position -136G>A, 157G>A, +9T>G, +11G>A, +16T>C, +20A>C, +25T>C, +29A>C, +35T>A, +38A>G, +43C>A, +71G>A, +84G>A, +91T>A. Based on the study results, it can be concluded that the diversity of the prolactin gene (PRL) of Bayang ducks in the exon four region is polymorphic and can be used as a candidate for marker-assisted selection in Bayang ducks.
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References
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- Hartl, D.L., A.G. Clark. 1997. Principle of Population Genetic. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA.
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- Rafian, T., Y. Yurnalis. 2023c. Polymorphism of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) Gene on Bayang Ducks Using PCR-RFLP Method. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia,18(3):162-168.
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- Sunatmo, T. I. 2009. Mikrobiologi Esensial. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor.
- Wang, C., Z. Liang, W. Yu, Y. Feng, X. Peng, Y. Gong, S. Li. 2011. Polymorphism of the prolactin gene and its association with egg production traits in native Chinese ducks. South African Journal of Animal Science, 41:63–69.
- Yunita, R. 2009. Pemanfaatan variasi somaklonal dan seleksi in vitro dalam perakitan tanaman toleran cekaman abiotik. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, 28(4): 142-148.
- Yurnalis, Y., A. Arnim, D. E. Putra, Z. Kamsa, T. Afriani. 2018. Identification of GH Gene Polymorphisms and Their Association with Body Weight in Bayang Duck, Local Duck from West Sumatra, Indonesia. Hlm. 1–7 dalam Proceeding IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Vol. 347. Manila (PH): IOP Publishing Ltd.
- Yurnalis, Y., H. Husmaini, S. Sabrina. 2017. Polymorphisms of Growth Hormone Gene Exon 1 and Their Associations with Body Weight in Pitalah and Kumbang Janti Ducks. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 16(5):203–208.
References
Akbar, N., N.P. Zaman, H.H. Madduppa. 2014. Keragaman genetik ikan tunasirip kuning (Thunnus albacares) dari dua populasi di Laut Maluku, Indonesia. Depik 3(1): 65-73
Allendorf, F.W., G. Luikart. 2007. Conservation and the Genetics of Population. Blackwell Publishing, USA.
Arisuryanti, T., B.S. Daryono. 2007. Genetika Populasi. Yogyakarta: Fakultas Biologi Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Arlina, F., Sabrina, S., Rafian, T. 2021. Keragaman Fenotipe Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif Itik Kamang sebagai Plasma Nuftah di Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia, 23(3): 247-254.
Bilyaro, W., Rafian, T., Lase, J. A. 2023. Penerapan Genetika pada Usaha Peningkatan Produksi Ternak dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Produksi Pangan Asal Hewan. Journal of Agriculture and Animal Science, 3(2): 70-77.
Campbell, R., Mitchell. 2003. Biologi Jilid 2. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Chang, M. T., Y.S. Cheng, M.C. Huang. 2012. Association of prolactin haplotypes with reproductive traits in Tsaiya ducks. Animal Reproduction Science, 135: 91-96.
Chen, H.Q., H.Q. Wei, J. Qin, H. Chen. 2011. The novel genetic change in 5’ untranslated region of goose prolactin gene and their distribution pattern in different goose breeds. Asian Journal Animal Veterinary Adv., 6: 1069-1075.
Cui, J.X., H.L. Du, Y. Liang, X.M. Deny, N. Li, X.Q. Zhany. 2006. Association of polymorphism in the promoter region of chicken prolactin with age production. Poultry Scince, 85: 26-31.
Falconer, D.S., T.F.C. Mackay. 1996. Introduction to Quantitive Genetics 4th Ed. New York: Longman.
Hartl, D.L., A.G. Clark. 1997. Principle of Population Genetic. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA.
Hui, F.L., Q.Z. Wen, W.C. Kuan, J.Z. Tang, T.S. Wei. 2009. Association of polymorphisms in intron 1 of duck prolactin with egg performance. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Science, 33(3): 193-197.
Indriati, M. 2014. Keragaman Gen Prolaktin Ekson Empat Pada Itik Peking Itik Mojosari Putih Dan Itik Pmp Serta Asosiasinya Dengan Sifat Reproduksi. Skripsi. Fakultas Peternakan Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Kansaku, N., T. Ohkubo, H. Okabayashi, D. Guemene, U. Kuhnlein, D. Zadworny, K. Shimada. 2005. Cloning of duck PRL cDNA and genomic DNA.
Li, H.F., W.Q. Zhu, K.W. Chen, T.J. Zhang, W.T. Song. 2009. Association of polymorphisms in the intron 1 of duck prolactin with egg performance.Turkish Journalof Veterinary Animal Science, 33(3): 193-19.
Nei, M. 1987. Molecular Evolutionery Genetics. New York: Columbia University Press.
Nei, M., S. Kumar. 2000. Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics. Oxford University Press.
Rafian T., Yurnalis Y, Husmaini H, and Arlina F. 2023b. Polymorphism of Sikumbang Jonti ducks Growth Hormone (GH) Gene using PCR-RFLP Methods. Agritropica: Journal of Agricultural Science, 6(1): 813.
Rafian, T., F. Arlina, Z. Zulkarnain, A. Yurnalis. 2023a. Keragaman Pertumbuhan Itik Kamang di Peternakan Unggul Jaya Farm. Jurnal Peternakan Borneo, 2 (2): 39-42.
Rafian, T., Y. Yurnalis. 2023c. Polymorphism of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) Gene on Bayang Ducks Using PCR-RFLP Method. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia,18(3):162-168.
Rashidih, Rhimi-Mianjing, Farhadi, Gholizadehm. 2012. Association of prolactin and prolactin receptor gene polymorphisms with economic traits in breeder hens of indigenous chickens of Mazandaran province. Iran. Journal Biotechnologi, 10: 129-135.
Sartika, T. D. Duryadi, SS. Mansjoer, A. Saefuddin, H. Martojo. 2004. Gen promotor prolaktin sebagai penanda pembantu seleksi untuk mengontrol sifat mengeram pada ayam kampung. JITV, 9:239-245.
Sharp, PJ., CG. Scanes, JB. Williams, S. Harvey, A. Chadwick. 1979. Variations in concentrations of prolactin, luteinizing hormone,growth hormone and progesterone in the plasma of broody bantams (Gallus domesticus). Journal Endocrinol, 80: 51–57.
Sidah, N. 2019.Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) exon 10 gen growth hormone receptor (GHR) pada itik Bayang. Skripsi. Fakultas Peternakan. Universitas Andalas. Padang
Stansfield, I., K.M. Jones, P. Herbert, A. Lewendon, W.V. Shaw, M.F. Tuite. 2003.Missense translation errors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Mol Biol., 282: 13–24.
Suharsono, S., U. Widyastuti. 2006. Penuntun Praktikum Pelatihan Teknik Dasar Pengklonan Gen. Bogor: Pusat Penelitian Sumber Daya Hayati dan Bioteknologi (PPSHB), Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Sunatmo, T. I. 2009. Mikrobiologi Esensial. Bogor: Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Wang, C., Z. Liang, W. Yu, Y. Feng, X. Peng, Y. Gong, S. Li. 2011. Polymorphism of the prolactin gene and its association with egg production traits in native Chinese ducks. South African Journal of Animal Science, 41:63–69.
Yunita, R. 2009. Pemanfaatan variasi somaklonal dan seleksi in vitro dalam perakitan tanaman toleran cekaman abiotik. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, 28(4): 142-148.
Yurnalis, Y., A. Arnim, D. E. Putra, Z. Kamsa, T. Afriani. 2018. Identification of GH Gene Polymorphisms and Their Association with Body Weight in Bayang Duck, Local Duck from West Sumatra, Indonesia. Hlm. 1–7 dalam Proceeding IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Vol. 347. Manila (PH): IOP Publishing Ltd.
Yurnalis, Y., H. Husmaini, S. Sabrina. 2017. Polymorphisms of Growth Hormone Gene Exon 1 and Their Associations with Body Weight in Pitalah and Kumbang Janti Ducks. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 16(5):203–208.