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Abstract
Early reading skills are crucial for young children, although in practice, many children still have difficulty identifying letters and words. This study developed the Ular Tangga Kata (URGATA) media through the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model. The validation test results showed that this media is suitable for use, with a score of 80% from media experts and 77.1% from subject matter experts, as well as receiving excellent appreciation (92%) from education practitioners. Empirically, the use of URGATA has been proven effective in improving children's reading skills, as seen from the increase in the average score from 44 to 84 with an N-Gain value of 0.7 (moderate category). Therefore, URGATA is an effective learning media solution to stimulate early reading skills
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References
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- Aulina, N. C., & Sausan, L. (2024). Improving the Reading Skills of 5-6 Year Old Children through the Kartaca Reading Snake and Ladder Carpet Media. Murhum: Journal of Early Childhood Education, 5(1), 254–266. https://doi.org/10.37985/murhum.v5i1.520
- Br. Sembiring, T., Irmawati, Sabir< Muhammad, & Tjahyadi, I. (2024). Textbook on Research Methodology (Theory and Practice). CV Saba Jaya Publisher.
- Cahyanti, S., Kurniawati, E., & Budi Utomo, H. (2023). Development of Giant Snakes and Ladders Game to Stimulate Cognitive Development in Early Childhood. Journal of PAUD, 7(2), 322–330. https://doi.org/10.33222/pelitapaud.v7i2.2878
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- Lestari, N. A. (2024). Development of Smart Reading Snake and Ladder Media for Beginning Reading Skills of First Grade Elementary School Students. JPGSD, 158–164.
- Markus, N., Kusmiyati, & Sucipto. (2017). Indonesian Vocabulary Mastery in Early Childhood Aged 4-5 Years. Scientific Journal: Phonema, 4, 102–115.
- Nikmah, N. U., Islam, P., Ushuluddin, F., Dakwah, D., Kediri, I., & Darwati, Y. (2021). Efforts to Improve Reading Skills Through Picture Storybooks in Early Childhood. WISDOM: Journal of Early Childhood Education, 141–151.
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- Slamet, F. A. (2022). research and development model (R n D). Sunan Kalijogo Islamic Institute, Malang.
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- Sugiarti, D., Hendriawan, D., Mulyasari, E., Wulandari, H., & Zakarneh, N. (2025). Kalam Cendekia: Scientific Journal of Education The Role of Learning Media in Increasing Elementary School Students' Interest in Learning. Kalam Cendekia: Journal of Educational Science, 13, 833–842.
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- Sukarelawan, I., Indratno, T. K., & Ayu, S. M. (2024). N-Gain vs Stacking: Analysis of Changes in Student Abilities in One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Suryacahya.
References
Anggaraini, E. S., Br. Pasaribu, I. R., Hasibuan, E. R., Harahap, Z. A., & Luthfi, R. (2024). Lack of Use of Attractive Play Media in Early Childhood Education at Al-Amin PAUD. Sindoro Cendekia Pendidikan, 8, 1–5.
Antariani, K. M., Ketut Gading, I., & Antara, P. A. (2021). Big books to Improve Early Reading Skills in Early Childhood. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Undiksha, 9(3), 467–475. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JJPAUD/index
Aulina, N. C., & Sausan, L. (2024). Improving the Reading Skills of 5-6 Year Old Children through the Kartaca Reading Snake and Ladder Carpet Media. Murhum: Journal of Early Childhood Education, 5(1), 254–266. https://doi.org/10.37985/murhum.v5i1.520
Br. Sembiring, T., Irmawati, Sabir< Muhammad, & Tjahyadi, I. (2024). Textbook on Research Methodology (Theory and Practice). CV Saba Jaya Publisher.
Cahyanti, S., Kurniawati, E., & Budi Utomo, H. (2023). Development of Giant Snakes and Ladders Game to Stimulate Cognitive Development in Early Childhood. Journal of PAUD, 7(2), 322–330. https://doi.org/10.33222/pelitapaud.v7i2.2878
Fadillah, M. (2020). Efforts to Improve Students' Reading Skills Through the Use of Audio-Visual Media in Lower Grades. Education and Teaching |, 1. https://doi.org/10.30596/ijems.v1i
Firdaus, A. N., & Ghonim, M. I. (2023). The Effect of Using Educational Game-Based Media in Indonesian Language Learning in Elementary Schools. J-SES: Journal of Science, Education and Studies, 2(3). https://doi.org/10.30651/jses.v2i3.20912
Hayati, N., & Sit Masganti. (2024). Improving Letter Recognition Skills through Snake and Ladder Games in Early Childhood. Murhum: Journal of Early Childhood Education, 5(2), 576–586. https://doi.org/10.37985/murhum.v5i2.920
Isnada, & Al Muhajir, M. (2023). Types of Active Learning in Improving Student Learning Outcomes. Journal of Media Education, 12, 85–95.
Koesmadi, D. P., & Kusuma, W. S. (2023). Utilization of 3R-based Educational Games. Journal of Modern Education, 166–170.
Lestari, N. A. (2024). Development of Smart Reading Snake and Ladder Media for Beginning Reading Skills of First Grade Elementary School Students. JPGSD, 158–164.
Markus, N., Kusmiyati, & Sucipto. (2017). Indonesian Vocabulary Mastery in Early Childhood Aged 4-5 Years. Scientific Journal: Phonema, 4, 102–115.
Nikmah, N. U., Islam, P., Ushuluddin, F., Dakwah, D., Kediri, I., & Darwati, Y. (2021). Efforts to Improve Reading Skills Through Picture Storybooks in Early Childhood. WISDOM: Journal of Early Childhood Education, 141–151.
Nironi, E., & Jumiatin, D. (2023). Development of Snake and Ladder Game Media to Improve Early Reading Skills in Early Childhood. CERIA (Smart, Energetic, Responsive, Innovative, Adaptive), 6(4), 2614–6347.
Nurhasana, I. (2021). The Use of Audio-Visual Media in Arabic Language Lessons. Al-Fikru: Journal of Education and Science, 2(2), 217–229. https://doi.org/10.55210/al-fikru.v2i2.573
Nurtaniawati. (2017). The Role of Teachers and Learning Media in Stimulating Cognitive Development in Early Childhood. Tunas Siliwangi, (Vol. 3, Issue 1), 1–20.
Pahrul, Y. (2022). Analysis of Kindergarten Teachers' Understanding of Educational Toys. Journal of Education and Counseling, 4, 2665–2668. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpa.v6i1.15678
Pertiwi, A. D. (2016). Descriptive Study Of The Early Reading Process In Young Children. Journal of Early Childhood Education, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.21831/jpa.v5i1.12372
Rahman, S. (2021). The Importance Of Learning Motivation In Improving Learning Outcomes. Postgraduate Program, Gorontalo State University.
Sapriyah. (2019). Learning Media in the Teaching and Learning Process. Proceedings of the FKIP UNTIRTA National Education Seminar, 2, 470–477.
Sardjana, P. N., Rachmat, I., & Surya, G. G. (2025). Modeling Educational Toys As Media For Early Childhood Education Development In Duri Kepa. In Universitas Esa Unggul Jl. Arjuna Utara (Vol. 11, Issue 9).
Slamet, F. A. (2022). research and development model (R n D). Sunan Kalijogo Islamic Institute, Malang.
Sri Rahayu, L., Afryaningsih, Y., & Al Farisi, S. (2024). difficulties in writing at the beginning of the school year for first grade students at sd negeri 1 rasau jaya.
Sugiarti, D., Hendriawan, D., Mulyasari, E., Wulandari, H., & Zakarneh, N. (2025). Kalam Cendekia: Scientific Journal of Education The Role of Learning Media in Increasing Elementary School Students' Interest in Learning. Kalam Cendekia: Journal of Educational Science, 13, 833–842.
Sugiyono. (2019). Qualitative, Quantitative, R&D. Alfabeta.
Sukarelawan, I., Indratno, T. K., & Ayu, S. M. (2024). N-Gain vs Stacking: Analysis of Changes in Student Abilities in One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Suryacahya.