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Abstract
Fish meal is the main raw material used for feed because it contains high protein. Currently, the fulfillment of fish meal is still supplied from abroad. Indonesia imported 121 thousand tons of fish meal in 2023. This has an impact on the expensive price of feed. In addition, fish meal is produced from fishing in the sea which threatens the sustainability of the fish population. Maggot meal and mustard waste meal as local resources can be a solution in fulfilling alternative protein sources as sustainable fish feed ingredients. The study aimed to evaluate the growth response of tilapia to the effect of adding fish feed ingredients from maggot meal and mustard waste meal. The study used a single factor Completely Randomized Design with four treatments namely, P1: 75% fish meal + 12.5% maggot meal + 12.5% mustard waste meal, P2: 50% fish meal + 25% maggot meal + 25% mustard waste meal, P3: 25% fish meal + 37.5% maggot meal + 37.5% mustard waste meal, P4: 0% fish meal + 50% maggot meal + 50% mustard waste meal. The results showed that the provision of artificial feed based on maggots and mustard waste treatment P4 (0% fish meal + 50% maggot meal + 50% mustard waste meal) provided the best growth performance of tilapia with a daily growth rate of 2.13%, an absolute length of 2.61 cm, an absolute weight of 5.19 g, a percentage increase in length of 32.49% and 100% survival.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Oktamalia Oktamalia, Novita Hamron, Dia Novita Sari, Eny Rolenti Togatorop
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How to Cite
Pemberian Pakan Buatan Berbasis Magot dan Limbah Sawi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Nila (Oreochoromis niloticus). (2024). PENDIPA Journal of Science Education, 8(3), 542–548. https://doi.org/10.33369/pendipa.8.3.542-548
References
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Ajo, A., Failu, I., & Bone, A. H. (2023). pemanfaatan limbah sayuran terhadap pertumbuhan ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) di Kelurahan Liabuku Kota Baubau. Media Agribisnis, 7(1), 74-86.
Alorang, I. G., Mokolensang, J. F., Watung, J. C., Sinjal, H. J., Monijung, R. D., & Mudeng, J. D. (2023). Substitusi tepung ikan dengan Maggot (Hermetia illucens) terhadap pertumbuhan dan efisiensi ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Budidaya Perairan, 11(2), 198-212.
Azhar, F., Marzuki, M., Scabra, A. R., Muahiddah, N., Affandi, R. I., & Sumsanto, M. (2023). Produksi ikan nila dengan kolam terpal di desa kramajaya, lombok barat untuk mencegah stunting. Jurnal Gema Ngabdi, 5(3), 308-318.
Berampu, L. E., Patriono, E., & Amalia, R. (2021). Pemberian kombinasi maggot dan pakan komersial untuk efektifias pemberian pakan tambahan benih ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus) oleh kelompok pembudidaya ikan Lele. Sriwijaya Bioscientia, 2(2), 35-44.
Daniel, N. (2018). A review on replacing fish meal in aqua feeds using plant protein sources. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 6(2), 164-179.
Djissou, A. S. M., Tossavi, C. E., Odjo, I. N., Koshio, S., & Fiogbe, E. D. (2019). Use of Moringa oleifera leaves and maggots as protein sources in complete replacement for fish meal in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 20(3), 177-183.
Herawati, V. E., Pinandoyo, P., Windarto, S., Hariyadi, P., Hutabarat, J., Darmanto, Y. S., & Radjasa, O. K. (2020). Maggot meal (Hermetia illucens) substitution on fish meal as source of animal protein to growth, feed utilization efficiency, and survival rate of milkfish (Chanos chanos). Hayati Journal of Biosciences, 27(2), 154-154.
[KKP] Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. (2024). Produksi Perikanan Budidaya. https://statistik.kkp.go.id. Jakarta: KKP.
Limbu, S. M., Shoko, A. P., Ulotu, E. E., Luvanga, S. A., Munyi, F. M., John, J. O., & Opiyo, M. A. (2022). Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens, L.) larvae meal improves growth performance, feed efficiency and economic returns of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, L.) fry. Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries, 2(3), 167-178.].
Lutfi, M., Asih, A. Y. P., Wijaya, S., & Ibad, M. (2023). Mikroplastik pada berbagai jenis kerang serta dampak terhadap kesehatan. Journal of Comprehensive Science, 2(5), 1325 1334.
Margowati, S., & Suharyanti, E. (2021). Serbuk kaldu Ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Sebagai Bahan Diet Terapi. In Prosiding University Research Colloquium, 522-526.
Maryam, M. (2023). Pemberian pakan ikan nila otomatis serta mengecek suhu dan kadar ph air berbasis internet of things (iot). Jurnal Informatika dan Teknik Elektro Terapan, 11(3).
Ngugi, C. C., Oyoo-Okoth, E., Manyala, J. O., Fitzsimmons, K., & Kimotho, A. (2017). Characterization of the nutritional quality of amaranth leaf protein concentrates and suitability of fish meal replacement in Nile tilapia feeds. Aquaculture Reports, 5, 62-69.
Novianti, N., Umar, N. A., & Budi, S. (2022). Pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi anggur laut Caulerfa lentillirea pada pakan terhadap pertumbuhan ikan nila. Journal of Aquaculture and Environment, 4(2), 45-49.
Ogunji, J. O., Iheanacho, S. C., Mgbabu, C. C., Amaechi, N. C., & Evulobi, O. O. (2021). Housefly maggot meal as a potent bioresource for fish feed to facilitate early gonadal development in Clarias gariepinus. Sustainability, 13(2),1-16.
Pisuttharachai, D., Nalinanon, W., & Areechon, N. (2020). Effects of dietary supplementation with broccoli sprouts (Brassica oleracea) on the hematology and immunological responses of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Journal of Fisheries and Environment, 44(1), 65-75.
Prajayati, V. T. F., Hasan, O. D. S., & Mulyono, M. (2020). Kinerja tepung magot dalam meningkatkan efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan formula dan pertumbuhan nila ras nirwana (Oreochromis sp.). Jurnal Perikanan, 22(1), 27-36.
Rostika, R., Haetami, K., Pratiwy, F. M., Putra, F. A., & Dewanti, L. P. (2022). A comparison of the drying techniques for maggot of the black soldier (Hermetia illucens) as an insect-based protein source for the feed of juvenile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus). AACL Bioflux, 15(3), 1492-1498.
Saleh, H. H. (2020). Review on using of housefly maggots (Musca domestica) in fish diets. Journal of Zoological Research, 2(4), 39-46.
Sepang, D. A., Mudeng, J. D., Monijung, R. D., Sambali, H., & Mokolensang, J. F. (2021). Pertumbuhan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) yang diberikan pakan kombinasi pelet dan maggot (Hermetia illucens) kering dengan presentasi berbeda. E-Journal Budidaya Perairan, 9(1).
Sinansari, S., & Fahmi, M. R. (2020). Black soldier fly larvae as nutrient-rich diets for ornamental fish. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 493(1), 1-10.
Vijayaram, S., Razafindralambo, H., Sun, Y. Z., Ghafarifarsani, H., Hoseinifar, S. H., Raeeszadeh, M., & Doan, H. V. (2023). Application development on Brassica species in aquaculture-A review. Annals of Animal Science. 1-21.
Thiele, C. J., Hudson, M. D., Russell, A. E., Saluveer, M., & Sidaoui-Haddad, G. (2021). Microplastics in fish and fishmeal: an emerging environmental challenge. Scientific reports, 11(1), 1-12.
References
Ajo, A., Failu, I., & Bone, A. H. (2023). pemanfaatan limbah sayuran terhadap pertumbuhan ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) di Kelurahan Liabuku Kota Baubau. Media Agribisnis, 7(1), 74-86.
Alorang, I. G., Mokolensang, J. F., Watung, J. C., Sinjal, H. J., Monijung, R. D., & Mudeng, J. D. (2023). Substitusi tepung ikan dengan Maggot (Hermetia illucens) terhadap pertumbuhan dan efisiensi ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Budidaya Perairan, 11(2), 198-212.
Azhar, F., Marzuki, M., Scabra, A. R., Muahiddah, N., Affandi, R. I., & Sumsanto, M. (2023). Produksi ikan nila dengan kolam terpal di desa kramajaya, lombok barat untuk mencegah stunting. Jurnal Gema Ngabdi, 5(3), 308-318.
Berampu, L. E., Patriono, E., & Amalia, R. (2021). Pemberian kombinasi maggot dan pakan komersial untuk efektifias pemberian pakan tambahan benih ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus) oleh kelompok pembudidaya ikan Lele. Sriwijaya Bioscientia, 2(2), 35-44.
Daniel, N. (2018). A review on replacing fish meal in aqua feeds using plant protein sources. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 6(2), 164-179.
Djissou, A. S. M., Tossavi, C. E., Odjo, I. N., Koshio, S., & Fiogbe, E. D. (2019). Use of Moringa oleifera leaves and maggots as protein sources in complete replacement for fish meal in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 20(3), 177-183.
Herawati, V. E., Pinandoyo, P., Windarto, S., Hariyadi, P., Hutabarat, J., Darmanto, Y. S., & Radjasa, O. K. (2020). Maggot meal (Hermetia illucens) substitution on fish meal as source of animal protein to growth, feed utilization efficiency, and survival rate of milkfish (Chanos chanos). Hayati Journal of Biosciences, 27(2), 154-154.
[KKP] Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. (2024). Produksi Perikanan Budidaya. https://statistik.kkp.go.id. Jakarta: KKP.
Limbu, S. M., Shoko, A. P., Ulotu, E. E., Luvanga, S. A., Munyi, F. M., John, J. O., & Opiyo, M. A. (2022). Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens, L.) larvae meal improves growth performance, feed efficiency and economic returns of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, L.) fry. Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries, 2(3), 167-178.].
Lutfi, M., Asih, A. Y. P., Wijaya, S., & Ibad, M. (2023). Mikroplastik pada berbagai jenis kerang serta dampak terhadap kesehatan. Journal of Comprehensive Science, 2(5), 1325 1334.
Margowati, S., & Suharyanti, E. (2021). Serbuk kaldu Ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Sebagai Bahan Diet Terapi. In Prosiding University Research Colloquium, 522-526.
Maryam, M. (2023). Pemberian pakan ikan nila otomatis serta mengecek suhu dan kadar ph air berbasis internet of things (iot). Jurnal Informatika dan Teknik Elektro Terapan, 11(3).
Ngugi, C. C., Oyoo-Okoth, E., Manyala, J. O., Fitzsimmons, K., & Kimotho, A. (2017). Characterization of the nutritional quality of amaranth leaf protein concentrates and suitability of fish meal replacement in Nile tilapia feeds. Aquaculture Reports, 5, 62-69.
Novianti, N., Umar, N. A., & Budi, S. (2022). Pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi anggur laut Caulerfa lentillirea pada pakan terhadap pertumbuhan ikan nila. Journal of Aquaculture and Environment, 4(2), 45-49.
Ogunji, J. O., Iheanacho, S. C., Mgbabu, C. C., Amaechi, N. C., & Evulobi, O. O. (2021). Housefly maggot meal as a potent bioresource for fish feed to facilitate early gonadal development in Clarias gariepinus. Sustainability, 13(2),1-16.
Pisuttharachai, D., Nalinanon, W., & Areechon, N. (2020). Effects of dietary supplementation with broccoli sprouts (Brassica oleracea) on the hematology and immunological responses of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Journal of Fisheries and Environment, 44(1), 65-75.
Prajayati, V. T. F., Hasan, O. D. S., & Mulyono, M. (2020). Kinerja tepung magot dalam meningkatkan efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan formula dan pertumbuhan nila ras nirwana (Oreochromis sp.). Jurnal Perikanan, 22(1), 27-36.
Rostika, R., Haetami, K., Pratiwy, F. M., Putra, F. A., & Dewanti, L. P. (2022). A comparison of the drying techniques for maggot of the black soldier (Hermetia illucens) as an insect-based protein source for the feed of juvenile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus). AACL Bioflux, 15(3), 1492-1498.
Saleh, H. H. (2020). Review on using of housefly maggots (Musca domestica) in fish diets. Journal of Zoological Research, 2(4), 39-46.
Sepang, D. A., Mudeng, J. D., Monijung, R. D., Sambali, H., & Mokolensang, J. F. (2021). Pertumbuhan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) yang diberikan pakan kombinasi pelet dan maggot (Hermetia illucens) kering dengan presentasi berbeda. E-Journal Budidaya Perairan, 9(1).
Sinansari, S., & Fahmi, M. R. (2020). Black soldier fly larvae as nutrient-rich diets for ornamental fish. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 493(1), 1-10.
Vijayaram, S., Razafindralambo, H., Sun, Y. Z., Ghafarifarsani, H., Hoseinifar, S. H., Raeeszadeh, M., & Doan, H. V. (2023). Application development on Brassica species in aquaculture-A review. Annals of Animal Science. 1-21.
Thiele, C. J., Hudson, M. D., Russell, A. E., Saluveer, M., & Sidaoui-Haddad, G. (2021). Microplastics in fish and fishmeal: an emerging environmental challenge. Scientific reports, 11(1), 1-12.
Alorang, I. G., Mokolensang, J. F., Watung, J. C., Sinjal, H. J., Monijung, R. D., & Mudeng, J. D. (2023). Substitusi tepung ikan dengan Maggot (Hermetia illucens) terhadap pertumbuhan dan efisiensi ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Budidaya Perairan, 11(2), 198-212.
Azhar, F., Marzuki, M., Scabra, A. R., Muahiddah, N., Affandi, R. I., & Sumsanto, M. (2023). Produksi ikan nila dengan kolam terpal di desa kramajaya, lombok barat untuk mencegah stunting. Jurnal Gema Ngabdi, 5(3), 308-318.
Berampu, L. E., Patriono, E., & Amalia, R. (2021). Pemberian kombinasi maggot dan pakan komersial untuk efektifias pemberian pakan tambahan benih ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus) oleh kelompok pembudidaya ikan Lele. Sriwijaya Bioscientia, 2(2), 35-44.
Daniel, N. (2018). A review on replacing fish meal in aqua feeds using plant protein sources. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 6(2), 164-179.
Djissou, A. S. M., Tossavi, C. E., Odjo, I. N., Koshio, S., & Fiogbe, E. D. (2019). Use of Moringa oleifera leaves and maggots as protein sources in complete replacement for fish meal in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 20(3), 177-183.
Herawati, V. E., Pinandoyo, P., Windarto, S., Hariyadi, P., Hutabarat, J., Darmanto, Y. S., & Radjasa, O. K. (2020). Maggot meal (Hermetia illucens) substitution on fish meal as source of animal protein to growth, feed utilization efficiency, and survival rate of milkfish (Chanos chanos). Hayati Journal of Biosciences, 27(2), 154-154.
[KKP] Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. (2024). Produksi Perikanan Budidaya. https://statistik.kkp.go.id. Jakarta: KKP.
Limbu, S. M., Shoko, A. P., Ulotu, E. E., Luvanga, S. A., Munyi, F. M., John, J. O., & Opiyo, M. A. (2022). Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens, L.) larvae meal improves growth performance, feed efficiency and economic returns of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, L.) fry. Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries, 2(3), 167-178.].
Lutfi, M., Asih, A. Y. P., Wijaya, S., & Ibad, M. (2023). Mikroplastik pada berbagai jenis kerang serta dampak terhadap kesehatan. Journal of Comprehensive Science, 2(5), 1325 1334.
Margowati, S., & Suharyanti, E. (2021). Serbuk kaldu Ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Sebagai Bahan Diet Terapi. In Prosiding University Research Colloquium, 522-526.
Maryam, M. (2023). Pemberian pakan ikan nila otomatis serta mengecek suhu dan kadar ph air berbasis internet of things (iot). Jurnal Informatika dan Teknik Elektro Terapan, 11(3).
Ngugi, C. C., Oyoo-Okoth, E., Manyala, J. O., Fitzsimmons, K., & Kimotho, A. (2017). Characterization of the nutritional quality of amaranth leaf protein concentrates and suitability of fish meal replacement in Nile tilapia feeds. Aquaculture Reports, 5, 62-69.
Novianti, N., Umar, N. A., & Budi, S. (2022). Pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi anggur laut Caulerfa lentillirea pada pakan terhadap pertumbuhan ikan nila. Journal of Aquaculture and Environment, 4(2), 45-49.
Ogunji, J. O., Iheanacho, S. C., Mgbabu, C. C., Amaechi, N. C., & Evulobi, O. O. (2021). Housefly maggot meal as a potent bioresource for fish feed to facilitate early gonadal development in Clarias gariepinus. Sustainability, 13(2),1-16.
Pisuttharachai, D., Nalinanon, W., & Areechon, N. (2020). Effects of dietary supplementation with broccoli sprouts (Brassica oleracea) on the hematology and immunological responses of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Journal of Fisheries and Environment, 44(1), 65-75.
Prajayati, V. T. F., Hasan, O. D. S., & Mulyono, M. (2020). Kinerja tepung magot dalam meningkatkan efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan formula dan pertumbuhan nila ras nirwana (Oreochromis sp.). Jurnal Perikanan, 22(1), 27-36.
Rostika, R., Haetami, K., Pratiwy, F. M., Putra, F. A., & Dewanti, L. P. (2022). A comparison of the drying techniques for maggot of the black soldier (Hermetia illucens) as an insect-based protein source for the feed of juvenile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus). AACL Bioflux, 15(3), 1492-1498.
Saleh, H. H. (2020). Review on using of housefly maggots (Musca domestica) in fish diets. Journal of Zoological Research, 2(4), 39-46.
Sepang, D. A., Mudeng, J. D., Monijung, R. D., Sambali, H., & Mokolensang, J. F. (2021). Pertumbuhan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) yang diberikan pakan kombinasi pelet dan maggot (Hermetia illucens) kering dengan presentasi berbeda. E-Journal Budidaya Perairan, 9(1).
Sinansari, S., & Fahmi, M. R. (2020). Black soldier fly larvae as nutrient-rich diets for ornamental fish. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 493(1), 1-10.
Vijayaram, S., Razafindralambo, H., Sun, Y. Z., Ghafarifarsani, H., Hoseinifar, S. H., Raeeszadeh, M., & Doan, H. V. (2023). Application development on Brassica species in aquaculture-A review. Annals of Animal Science. 1-21.
Thiele, C. J., Hudson, M. D., Russell, A. E., Saluveer, M., & Sidaoui-Haddad, G. (2021). Microplastics in fish and fishmeal: an emerging environmental challenge. Scientific reports, 11(1), 1-12.