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Abstrak
Street children are often constructed as weak individuals who miss out on a joyful childhood because they have to work and do not have the same opportunities as most of their peers. In addition, street children are often considered to not have sufficient understanding regarding science or gender issues because of their limited access to knowledge and experience. Using a post-developmentalism approach, this article seeks to go beyond existing notions of play by exploring how street children in Jakarta, Indonesia. Understand and negotiate the game by working as part of their daily lives. The author took a qualitative approach to collect data on 7 street children and their guardians, mainly through observation and ongoing conversations. The results of this research found four findings, namely street children's interpretation of men and women, children's tendencies towards games, color preferences and social influence of street children, and perceptions regarding profession and gender. The conclusion is that street children have the same frequency regarding the meaning of gender in their daily activities, such as understanding the differences between women and men, understanding color choices and the way street children view professions.
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Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Farah Nur Fadilah, Nelis Nazziatus Sadiah Qosyasih
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Cara Mengutip
Qosyasih, N. N. S., & Fadilah, F. N. (2025). Gender and Play : How Indonesian Street Children. Jurnal Ilmiah POTENSIA, 10(1), 50–59. https://doi.org/10.33369/jip.10.1.50-59
Referensi
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Adachi, T. (2013). Occupational gender stereotypes: Is the ratio of women to men a powerful determinant?
Adams, B. B., & Judd, K. (2016). 2030 Agenda and the SDGs : Indicator framework , monitoring and reportng. Global Policy Watch, March, 1–5.
Adriany, V. (2019). Being a princess: young children’s negotiation of femininities in a Kindergarten classroom in Indonesia. Gender and Education, 31(6), 724–741. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2018.1496229
Alifta Kinanti, N., Irfan Syaebani, M., & Vitri Primadini, D. (2021). Stereotip Pekerjaan Berbasis Gender Dalam Konteks Indonesia Gender-Based Job Stereotypes in the Indonesian Context. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Usahawan Indonesia •, 44(1), 1–16.
Anders, V. (2014). Corrigendum to “Beyond masculinity: Testosterone, gender/sex, and human social behavior in a comparative context.”
Archer, M. (2003). Structure, Agency and the Internal Conversation. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139087315
Bittner, Amanda & Goodyear-Grant, E. (2017). Sex isn’t Gender.
Burman, E. (2016). Deconstructing developmental psychology, third edition. https://doi.org/DOI:10.4324/9781315727127
Burman, E. (2017). Deconstructing Developmental Psychology. Routledge.
Chao-Min Chiu, Meng-Hsiang Hsu, E. T. G. W. (2006). Understanding Knowledge Sharing in Virtual Communities: An Integration of Social Capital and Social Cognitive Theories. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2006.04.001
CNN. (n.d.). https://www.cnnindonesia.com/
Creswell, J. W. (2014). research design : pendekatan metode kualitatif, kualitatif, dan campuran. pustaka belajar.
Erik Eliassen &, L. G. (2012). Kvalitet dan barnehager. Hubungan dari pemahaman tentang kualitas struktur yang baik pada tahun 2012.
Esquivel, V., & Sweetman, C. (2016). Gender and Development (C. Sweetman (Ed.)). Oxfam GB Routledge.
Fromberg, D. P. (2006). Play from birth to twelve: Contexts, perspectives, and meanings.
Glick, P., Wilk, K., & Perreault, M. (1995). Images of occupations: Components of gender and status in occupational stereotypes.
Gosselin, M. (2006). A Review of Activity-Based Costing: Technique, Implementation, and Consequences. https://doi.org/DOI:10.1016/S1751-3243(06)02008-6
He, J. C., Kang, S. K., Tse, K., & Toh, S. M. (2019). Stereotypes at work: Occupational stereotypes predict race and gender segregation in the workforce. Journal of Vocational Behavior. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.103318
Hegarty, P., Ansara, Y. G., & B. (2018). Nonbinary gender identities.
Hélène Frohard-Dourlent, Sarah Dobson, Beth A. Clark, Marion Doull, E. M. S. (2016). No Title. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/nin.12150
Herlina, A. (2014). Kehidupan Anak Jalanan Di Indonesia: Faktor Penyebab, Tatanan Hidup Dan Kerentanan Berperilaku Menyimpang. Pusat Pengkajian, Pengolahan Data Dan Informasi (P3DI) Sekretariat, 5, 145–155.
Hines, M. (2011). Prenatal endocrine influences on sexual orientation and on sexually differentiated childhood behavior. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2011.02.006
Ingraham, C. (1994). The Heterosexual Imaginary: Feminist Sociology and Theories of Gender. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/201865
Kohlberg. (1981). Filsafat Perkembangan Moral.
Komalasari, R., Syafrida, R., & Nirmala, I. (2023). Pengaruh Media Busybook Dalam Pengenalan Identitas Gender Untuk Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun. PeTeKa, 6(1), 119–127.
Li, J. (2023). Gender never defines me: A study on preschool teachers’ do and don’t about gender. Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 7(1), 100397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100397
MacNaughton, G. (2000). Rethinking gender in early childhood education.
Mardliyah, L. (2018). Pembelajaran Berkesetaraan Gender (Kajian Ilmplementasi Pendekatan Feminisme Melalui Buku Suplemen PAUD). Yinyang: Jurnal Studi Islam Gender Dan Anak, 13(1), 49–69. http://ejournal.iainpurwokerto.ac.id/index.php/yinyang/article/view/2093
Morgenroth, T., & Ryan, M. K. (2018). Gender trouble in social psychology: How can butler’s work inform experimental social psychologists’ conceptualization of gender?
Qosyasih, N. N. S., Amirullah, A., & Sari, Z. (2023). Hegemoni Maskulinitas: Konstruksi Gender pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(1), 479–490. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i1.3168
Reisner, S.L., Conron, K.J., Scout, Nfn., Baker, K., Herman, J.L., Lombardi, E., Greytak, E.A., Gill, A.M., & Matthews, A. . (2015). “Counting” Transgender and Gender-Nonconforming Adults in Health Research. Transgender Studies Quarterly. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1215/23289252-2848877
Shinar. (1975). Sexual stereotypes of occupations. Journal of Vocational Behavior.
tate , Ledbetter, & Youssef. (2013). A Two-Question Method for Assessing Gender Categories in the Social and Medical Sciences. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2012.690110
United Nations Development Programme. (n.d.).
Referensi
Adachi, T. (2013). Occupational gender stereotypes: Is the ratio of women to men a powerful determinant?
Adams, B. B., & Judd, K. (2016). 2030 Agenda and the SDGs : Indicator framework , monitoring and reportng. Global Policy Watch, March, 1–5.
Adriany, V. (2019). Being a princess: young children’s negotiation of femininities in a Kindergarten classroom in Indonesia. Gender and Education, 31(6), 724–741. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2018.1496229
Alifta Kinanti, N., Irfan Syaebani, M., & Vitri Primadini, D. (2021). Stereotip Pekerjaan Berbasis Gender Dalam Konteks Indonesia Gender-Based Job Stereotypes in the Indonesian Context. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Usahawan Indonesia •, 44(1), 1–16.
Anders, V. (2014). Corrigendum to “Beyond masculinity: Testosterone, gender/sex, and human social behavior in a comparative context.”
Archer, M. (2003). Structure, Agency and the Internal Conversation. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139087315
Bittner, Amanda & Goodyear-Grant, E. (2017). Sex isn’t Gender.
Burman, E. (2016). Deconstructing developmental psychology, third edition. https://doi.org/DOI:10.4324/9781315727127
Burman, E. (2017). Deconstructing Developmental Psychology. Routledge.
Chao-Min Chiu, Meng-Hsiang Hsu, E. T. G. W. (2006). Understanding Knowledge Sharing in Virtual Communities: An Integration of Social Capital and Social Cognitive Theories. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2006.04.001
CNN. (n.d.). https://www.cnnindonesia.com/
Creswell, J. W. (2014). research design : pendekatan metode kualitatif, kualitatif, dan campuran. pustaka belajar.
Erik Eliassen &, L. G. (2012). Kvalitet dan barnehager. Hubungan dari pemahaman tentang kualitas struktur yang baik pada tahun 2012.
Esquivel, V., & Sweetman, C. (2016). Gender and Development (C. Sweetman (Ed.)). Oxfam GB Routledge.
Fromberg, D. P. (2006). Play from birth to twelve: Contexts, perspectives, and meanings.
Glick, P., Wilk, K., & Perreault, M. (1995). Images of occupations: Components of gender and status in occupational stereotypes.
Gosselin, M. (2006). A Review of Activity-Based Costing: Technique, Implementation, and Consequences. https://doi.org/DOI:10.1016/S1751-3243(06)02008-6
He, J. C., Kang, S. K., Tse, K., & Toh, S. M. (2019). Stereotypes at work: Occupational stereotypes predict race and gender segregation in the workforce. Journal of Vocational Behavior. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.103318
Hegarty, P., Ansara, Y. G., & B. (2018). Nonbinary gender identities.
Hélène Frohard-Dourlent, Sarah Dobson, Beth A. Clark, Marion Doull, E. M. S. (2016). No Title. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/nin.12150
Herlina, A. (2014). Kehidupan Anak Jalanan Di Indonesia: Faktor Penyebab, Tatanan Hidup Dan Kerentanan Berperilaku Menyimpang. Pusat Pengkajian, Pengolahan Data Dan Informasi (P3DI) Sekretariat, 5, 145–155.
Hines, M. (2011). Prenatal endocrine influences on sexual orientation and on sexually differentiated childhood behavior. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2011.02.006
Ingraham, C. (1994). The Heterosexual Imaginary: Feminist Sociology and Theories of Gender. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/201865
Kohlberg. (1981). Filsafat Perkembangan Moral.
Komalasari, R., Syafrida, R., & Nirmala, I. (2023). Pengaruh Media Busybook Dalam Pengenalan Identitas Gender Untuk Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun. PeTeKa, 6(1), 119–127.
Li, J. (2023). Gender never defines me: A study on preschool teachers’ do and don’t about gender. Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 7(1), 100397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100397
MacNaughton, G. (2000). Rethinking gender in early childhood education.
Mardliyah, L. (2018). Pembelajaran Berkesetaraan Gender (Kajian Ilmplementasi Pendekatan Feminisme Melalui Buku Suplemen PAUD). Yinyang: Jurnal Studi Islam Gender Dan Anak, 13(1), 49–69. http://ejournal.iainpurwokerto.ac.id/index.php/yinyang/article/view/2093
Morgenroth, T., & Ryan, M. K. (2018). Gender trouble in social psychology: How can butler’s work inform experimental social psychologists’ conceptualization of gender?
Qosyasih, N. N. S., Amirullah, A., & Sari, Z. (2023). Hegemoni Maskulinitas: Konstruksi Gender pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(1), 479–490. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i1.3168
Reisner, S.L., Conron, K.J., Scout, Nfn., Baker, K., Herman, J.L., Lombardi, E., Greytak, E.A., Gill, A.M., & Matthews, A. . (2015). “Counting” Transgender and Gender-Nonconforming Adults in Health Research. Transgender Studies Quarterly. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1215/23289252-2848877
Shinar. (1975). Sexual stereotypes of occupations. Journal of Vocational Behavior.
tate , Ledbetter, & Youssef. (2013). A Two-Question Method for Assessing Gender Categories in the Social and Medical Sciences. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2012.690110
United Nations Development Programme. (n.d.).
Adams, B. B., & Judd, K. (2016). 2030 Agenda and the SDGs : Indicator framework , monitoring and reportng. Global Policy Watch, March, 1–5.
Adriany, V. (2019). Being a princess: young children’s negotiation of femininities in a Kindergarten classroom in Indonesia. Gender and Education, 31(6), 724–741. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2018.1496229
Alifta Kinanti, N., Irfan Syaebani, M., & Vitri Primadini, D. (2021). Stereotip Pekerjaan Berbasis Gender Dalam Konteks Indonesia Gender-Based Job Stereotypes in the Indonesian Context. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Usahawan Indonesia •, 44(1), 1–16.
Anders, V. (2014). Corrigendum to “Beyond masculinity: Testosterone, gender/sex, and human social behavior in a comparative context.”
Archer, M. (2003). Structure, Agency and the Internal Conversation. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139087315
Bittner, Amanda & Goodyear-Grant, E. (2017). Sex isn’t Gender.
Burman, E. (2016). Deconstructing developmental psychology, third edition. https://doi.org/DOI:10.4324/9781315727127
Burman, E. (2017). Deconstructing Developmental Psychology. Routledge.
Chao-Min Chiu, Meng-Hsiang Hsu, E. T. G. W. (2006). Understanding Knowledge Sharing in Virtual Communities: An Integration of Social Capital and Social Cognitive Theories. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2006.04.001
CNN. (n.d.). https://www.cnnindonesia.com/
Creswell, J. W. (2014). research design : pendekatan metode kualitatif, kualitatif, dan campuran. pustaka belajar.
Erik Eliassen &, L. G. (2012). Kvalitet dan barnehager. Hubungan dari pemahaman tentang kualitas struktur yang baik pada tahun 2012.
Esquivel, V., & Sweetman, C. (2016). Gender and Development (C. Sweetman (Ed.)). Oxfam GB Routledge.
Fromberg, D. P. (2006). Play from birth to twelve: Contexts, perspectives, and meanings.
Glick, P., Wilk, K., & Perreault, M. (1995). Images of occupations: Components of gender and status in occupational stereotypes.
Gosselin, M. (2006). A Review of Activity-Based Costing: Technique, Implementation, and Consequences. https://doi.org/DOI:10.1016/S1751-3243(06)02008-6
He, J. C., Kang, S. K., Tse, K., & Toh, S. M. (2019). Stereotypes at work: Occupational stereotypes predict race and gender segregation in the workforce. Journal of Vocational Behavior. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.103318
Hegarty, P., Ansara, Y. G., & B. (2018). Nonbinary gender identities.
Hélène Frohard-Dourlent, Sarah Dobson, Beth A. Clark, Marion Doull, E. M. S. (2016). No Title. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/nin.12150
Herlina, A. (2014). Kehidupan Anak Jalanan Di Indonesia: Faktor Penyebab, Tatanan Hidup Dan Kerentanan Berperilaku Menyimpang. Pusat Pengkajian, Pengolahan Data Dan Informasi (P3DI) Sekretariat, 5, 145–155.
Hines, M. (2011). Prenatal endocrine influences on sexual orientation and on sexually differentiated childhood behavior. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2011.02.006
Ingraham, C. (1994). The Heterosexual Imaginary: Feminist Sociology and Theories of Gender. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/201865
Kohlberg. (1981). Filsafat Perkembangan Moral.
Komalasari, R., Syafrida, R., & Nirmala, I. (2023). Pengaruh Media Busybook Dalam Pengenalan Identitas Gender Untuk Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun. PeTeKa, 6(1), 119–127.
Li, J. (2023). Gender never defines me: A study on preschool teachers’ do and don’t about gender. Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 7(1), 100397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100397
MacNaughton, G. (2000). Rethinking gender in early childhood education.
Mardliyah, L. (2018). Pembelajaran Berkesetaraan Gender (Kajian Ilmplementasi Pendekatan Feminisme Melalui Buku Suplemen PAUD). Yinyang: Jurnal Studi Islam Gender Dan Anak, 13(1), 49–69. http://ejournal.iainpurwokerto.ac.id/index.php/yinyang/article/view/2093
Morgenroth, T., & Ryan, M. K. (2018). Gender trouble in social psychology: How can butler’s work inform experimental social psychologists’ conceptualization of gender?
Qosyasih, N. N. S., Amirullah, A., & Sari, Z. (2023). Hegemoni Maskulinitas: Konstruksi Gender pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(1), 479–490. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i1.3168
Reisner, S.L., Conron, K.J., Scout, Nfn., Baker, K., Herman, J.L., Lombardi, E., Greytak, E.A., Gill, A.M., & Matthews, A. . (2015). “Counting” Transgender and Gender-Nonconforming Adults in Health Research. Transgender Studies Quarterly. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1215/23289252-2848877
Shinar. (1975). Sexual stereotypes of occupations. Journal of Vocational Behavior.
tate , Ledbetter, & Youssef. (2013). A Two-Question Method for Assessing Gender Categories in the Social and Medical Sciences. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2012.690110
United Nations Development Programme. (n.d.).