Main Article Content
Abstract
Psettodes erumei yang dikenal di Indonesia sebagai ikan sebelah memiliki sumber protein yang tinggi, namun seratnya terbatas. Moringa oleifera Lam adalah tanaman yang kaya serat pangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi potensi ikan sebelah dalam bakso dengan perlakuan dan tanpa perlakuan tambahan Moringa oleifera Lam serta korelasi fisikokimia dengan perlakuan bakso ikan. Perlakuan yang dilakukan yaitu bakso ikan tanpa tambahan daun kelor dan tambahan daun kelor kukus 10%. Hubungan korelasi antara parameter-parameter fisikokimia antar perlakuan bakso ikan dianalisa dengan menggunakan principal component analysis (PCA) dan hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ikan sebelah segar berbobot 737,32 ± 257,39 g dan memiliki kadar air 78,69 ± 0,13% bb, protein 83,95 ± 7,49 % bk, serta lemak 2,49 ± 0,13% bk. Kadar air bakso ikan (79,32 ± 0,24%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan bakso ikan daun kelor 10 % (78,72 ± 0,24%), meskipun kadar protein keduanya tidak berbeda nyata (tanpa daun kelor 54,96 ± 0,74% dan daun kelor 55,28 ± 1,62%). Lightness bakso ikan daun kelor 10% (43,42 ± 0,30) paling rendah dan cenderung kehijauan. Gumminess dan chewiness dari ikan sebelah turun setelah dibuat menjadi bakso ikan, dan bakso ikan daun kelor 10% memiliki nilai paling rendah (gumminess 1672,31 ± 21,72 dan chewiness 1427,67 ± 58,77). Panelis lebih menyukai bakso ikan tanpa tambahan daun kelor. PCA menunjukkan bahwa kadar air, abu, yellowness, dan kekenyalan berkorelasi positif dari dua perlakuan bakso, namun berkorelasi negatif dengan kadar protein. HCA mempresentasikan adanya korelasi positif antara perlakuan bakso pada tekstur, protein, dan lemak.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Steven Witman, Devry Pramesti Devry, Nikodemus Gultom, Arsad Tirta Subangkit, Dita Kristanti, Woro Setiaboma, Ainia Herminiati, Elsi Dwi Hapsari
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References
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- Nuryahyani, R., Kristanti, D., Ishartani, D., & Setiaboma, W. (2022). Nutritional and Sensory Properties of Starry Trigger (Abalistes stellaris) Fish Balls Additional Fresh and Steamed Moringa (Moringa oleifera) Leaves. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 995(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/995/1/012020
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- Setiaboma, W., Desnilasari, D., Iwansyah, A. C., Putri, D. P., Agustina, W., Sholichah, E., & Herminiati, A. (2021). Karakterisasi Kimia dan Uji Organoleptik Bakso Ikan Manyung (Ariusthalassinus, Ruppell) dengan Penambahan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleiferea Lam) Segar dan Kukus. 12(1), 9–18.
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References
Adela, S., Abdul, G., & Djuwito. (2016). Komposisi Ikan Yang Tertangkap Dengan alat Tangkap Cantrang Serta Aspek Biologi Ikan Sebelah (Psettodes erumei) Di TPI Asemdoyong, Pemalang. Diponogoro Journal of Maquares, 5(1), 52–61. https://doi.org/http://ejournals1.undip.ac.id/index.php/maquares
Affandi, D. R., Purnama, E., Yudhistira, B., & Sanjaya, A. P. (2019). Chemical, Textural, and Sensory Properties of Eastern Little Tuna Fish Ball (Euthynnus affinis) with Rice Bran Flour (Oryza sativa) substitution. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 633(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/633/1/012051
Anggraini, L. & Andriani. (2020). Kualitas Kimia dan Organoleptik Nugget Ikan Gabus Melalui Penambahan Tepung Kacang Merah. SAGO: Gizi dan Kesehatan, 2(1), 11-18. https://dx.doi.org/10.30867/gikes.v2i1.429
AOAC. (1995). Official Methods of Analysis of The Association of Official Analytical Chemist, 14 ed. AOAC Inc.
Aripudin, Panjaitan, P. S. T., Soeprijadi, L., & Sebayang, E. A. br. (2021). Studi Pengolahan Nugget Ikan Tenggiri (Scombridae commerson) Skala Rumah Tangga. PELAGICUS: Jurnal IPTEK Terapan Perikanan dan Kelautan, 2(3), 167-175. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/plgc.v2i3.10391.
Barokah, L., Solichin, A., & Suprapto, D. (2016). Aspek Biologi Ikan Sebelah (Psettodes erumei) yang Tertangkap Dan Didaratkan Di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Tawang Kabupaten Kendal. Management of Aquatic Resources Journal (MAQUARES), 5(4), 216–223. https://doi.org/10.14710/marj.v5i4.14410
Cheng, J. H., Sun, D. W., Han, Z., & Zeng, X. A. (2014). Texture and Structure Measurements And Analyses For Evaluation of Fish and Fillet Freshness Quality: A review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 13(1), 52–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12043
Dara, W., & Arlinda, A. (2017). Mutu Organoleptik dan Kimia Abon Ikan Gabus (Channa Striata) yang Disubstitusi Sukun (Artocarpus Altilis). Jurnal Katalisator, 2(2), 61. https://doi.org/10.22216/jk.v2i2.1606
Hadinoto, S., & Idrus, S. (2018). Proporsi dan Kadar Proksimat Bagian Tubuh Ikan Tuna Ekor Kuning (Thunnus albacares) Dari Perairan Maluku. Majalah BIAM, 14(2), 51. https://doi.org/10.29360/mb.v14i2.4212
Hafiludin. (2015). Analisis Kandungan Gizi Pada Ikan Bandeng Yang Berasal Dari Habitat Yang Berbeda. Kelautan, 8(1), 37–43. http://journal.trunojoyo.ac.id/jurnalkelautan
Hamilton, C., Khan, P., Ali, Q. M., Ahmed, Q., & Bat, L. (2023). Molecular Characterization of Demersal Marine Fish Species Pseudorhombus Molecular Characterization of Demersal Marine Fish Species Pseudor-hombus arsius (Hamilton, 1822), Psettods erumei, (Bloch & Sindh coasts), Pakistan through DNA barcodes. January.
Harahap, Z. A., Awaliah, N., & Desrita. (2022). Analysis of Abundances and Growth of Indo-Pacific Tarpon Fish (Megalops cyprinoides) on the Estuary of Leidong River North Labuhanbatu Regency. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 977(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/977/1/012120
Hasanah, S. K. N., Purwidiani, N., Romadhoni, I. F., Kristiastuti, D., Puspitasari, I. H., & Sutiadiningsih, A. (2021). Innovation of Milk Fish Sausage with the Addition of Moringa Leaf Puree as a Healthy Food. 209 (Ijcse), 157–160.
Januarita, J. V., Ishartani, D., Setiaboma, W., & Kristanti, D. (2022). Nilai Gizi dan Profil Asam Amino Ikan Etong (Abalistes stellaris) dan Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus affinis). 16(2), 213–220. https://doi.org/10.21107/agrointek.v16i2.12051
Mune, M. A. M., Bassogog, C. B. B., Nyobe, E. C., & Minka S. R. R. (2016). Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Moringa Oleifera Seed and Leaf Flour. Journal of Cogent Food & Agriculture. 2:1, 1220352. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2016.1220352
Nobosse, P., Fombang, E. N., & Mbofung, C. M. F. (2017). The Effect of Steam Blanching and Drying Method on Nutrients, Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Moringa (Moringa oleifera L .) Leaves. American Journal of Food Science and Technology, 5(2), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.12691/ajfst-5-2-4
Novitasari, R. & Madesci, H. (2020). Pembuatan Bakso Ikan Gabus Dengan Pemanfaatan Tepung Sagu yang Merupakan Potensi Lokal Sumber Daya Alam Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian, 9(2), 71-78. https://doi.org/10.32520/jtp.v9i2.1263.
Nugroho, H. C., Analia, U., & Rianingsih, L. (2019). Karakteristik Fisiko Kimia Bakso Ikan Rucah Dengan Penambahan Transglutaminase Pada Konsentrasi yang Berbeda. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Perikanan. 1(2), 47-55.https://doi.org/10.14710/jitpi.2019.6746.
Nuryahyani, R., Kristanti, D., Desnilasari, D., Putri, D. P., Sarifudin, A., Surahman, D. N., & Setiaboma, W. (2022). Karakteristik Bakso Ikan Etong (Abalistes stellaris) Instan dengan Penambahan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera). Jurnal Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan, 17(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.15578/jpbkp.v17i1.760
Nuryahyani, R., Kristanti, D., Ishartani, D., & Setiaboma, W. (2022). Nutritional and Sensory Properties of Starry Trigger (Abalistes stellaris) Fish Balls Additional Fresh and Steamed Moringa (Moringa oleifera) Leaves. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 995(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/995/1/012020
Pusat Data, Statistik, dan Informasi Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (2022). Rilis Data Kelautan dan Perikanan Triwulan 2022. Kementrian Kelautan dan Perikanan Tahun 2022, 068.
Putri, D. P., Setiaboma, W., & Kristanti, D. (2022). Physical Quality of Coated and Uncoated Breadcrumbs of Moringa Oleifera Leaf-Fish Nugget With Various Fillers. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 980(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/980/1/012031
Setiaboma, W., Desnilasari, D., Iwansyah, A. C., Putri, D. P., Agustina, W., Sholichah, E., & Herminiati, A. (2021). Karakterisasi Kimia dan Uji Organoleptik Bakso Ikan Manyung (Ariusthalassinus, Ruppell) dengan Penambahan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleiferea Lam) Segar dan Kukus. 12(1), 9–18.
Setiaboma, W., Kristanti, D., & Herminiati, A. (2019). The Effect of Drying Methods on Chemical and Physical Properties of Leaves and Stems Moringa oleifera Lam. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2175(November). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5134594
Sipahutar, Y. H., Ma’roef, A. F. F., Febrianti, A. A., Nur, C., Savitri, N., & Utami, S. P. (2021). Karakteristik Sosis Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) dengan Penambahan Tepung Rumput Laut (Gracilaria sp). Jurnal Penyuluhan Perikanan dan Kelautan, 15(1), 69–84. https://doi.org/10.33378/jppik.v15i1.236
Solichah, E., Iwansyah, A. C., Pramesti, D., & Desnilasari, D. (2021). Evaluation of Physicochemical , Nutritional, and Organoleptic Properties of Nuggets Based on Moringa (Moringa oleifera) Leaves And Giant Catfish (Arius thalassinus). Food Science and Technology, a head of, 1–6. https://doi.org/DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.72020 Evaluation
Sumbodo, J., Amalia, U., & Purnamayati, L. (2019). Peningkatan Gizi dan Karakteristik Kerupuk Pangsit Dengan Penambahan Tepung Tepung Tulang Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Effect. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Perikanan, 1(April), 39–40.
Sultana, S. (2020). Nutritional and Fungsional Properties of Moringa oleifera. Metabolism Open. 8.100061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metop.2020.100061
USDA. (2022). Food Data Central Search Results. Usda, 1–6.
Walson, P. D. (2020). What to look forward to in GaBI Journal, 2020, Issue 2. GaBI Journal, 9(2), 47–48. https://doi.org/10.5639/gabij.2020.0902.009
Zula A. T., Ayele D. A., & Egigayhu, W. A. (2021). Proximate Composition, Antinutritional Content, Microbial Load, and Sensory Acceptability of Noodles Formulated From Moringa (Moringa oleifera) Leaf Powder And Wheat Flour Blend. International Journal of Food Science. 2021(1). https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6689247