Main Article Content
Abstract
This research aimed to know Picung/ Pangi (Pangium Edule Reinw) plant's potencies as raw material for frying oil and biodiesel alternative so that it can be used as extensive as palm and coconut oil. As this picung/pangi plants are widely consumed by Indonesian people, this plant is an interesting subject to be researched and studied on. The result of this research will be a great reference in increasing the utilization of Pangi Plant. The research method that is being used in this research for frying oil production is extraction using petroleum eter in laboratory scale and the yield then analyzed. The results presented shown that the density: 0.918 g/ml; water content: 0.0253%; free fatty acid (FFA) content: 2.53%; fat content: 51.468%; acid number: 0.33 mg KOH/g; Iodine number: 29.31 g Iod/100 g Oil; peroxide number: 4.124 meq/kg; and oil's color depends on the process used. The oil produced was then used for making biodiesel, which consist of two-step processes, esterification and transesterification. The result of this research shown that characteristics of biodiesel produced as follow: density: 0.888 g/ml; viscosity: 0.0006 g/cms; water content: 0.024%; free fatty acid (FFA) 0.3557%; Iodine number: 29.31 g Iod / 100 g Oil; scap number: 188.23 mg KOH/g; acid number 0.33 mg KOH/g; and Cetane number was 68.7. It is concluded that Picung/Pangi oil can be used as frying oil and biodiesel as an alternative fuel.
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References
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- Alamsyah, N. A., 2005. Mengenal Lebih Dekat Biodiesel Jarak Pagar. PT AgromediaPustaka. Jakarta.
- Anonim, 1987. Mum dan Cara Uji Mtnyak Sawit. Standar Nasional Indonesia. SNI 01 - 0013 - 1987. Dewan Standarisasi Jakarta.
- Anonim, 2008. Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Laju Reaksi, http://smk3ae.wordpress.com. 21 Oktober 2008.
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- Gerpen, V. L, Shanks, B., dan Pruszko .R., 2004. Biodiesel Production Technology. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, United States.
- Hambali, Erliza, et at, 2006. Jarak Pagar, Tanaman Pengahasil Biodiesel. Cetakan ke- 2. Penerbit Swadaya. Jakarta.
- Hildited. T. P dan P. N. William, 1964. The Chemical Conittuuon of Natural Fats, Chapman and Hall London.
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- Irdoni, H.. S., dan Nirwana, Hz. 2007. Modul Kimia Organtk: Teknik Kimia Universitas Riau. Pekanbaru.
- Kemenetrian Negara Lingkungan Hidup, 2006. Katalis dan Pengelolaan Spent Katalis, http://b3.menlh.go.id, 21 Oktober 2008.
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- Kataren, S.1986. Pengantar Teknologi Minyak dan Lemak Pangan.UI Press. Jakarta.
- Lotero, E., Goodwin, J. G., Bruce, D. A, Suwannakarn, K., Liu, Y. and Lopez, D. E., 2006. The Catalysis of BiodieselSynthesis,http://www.rsc.org, 28 November 2008.
- Made Sri Prana, 2006. Budidaya Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L) Sumber Biodiesel. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia.Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi. Jakarta
- Morison, T 7 Boyd, 1977. Organic Chemistry. Prentice - hall of India private Limited. New Delhi, Vol 3.
- Nirwana, dkk, 2003. Stntesis Sukrosa Metil Ester dari Bahan Baku Crude Palm Oil. Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Riau.
- Prihandana R, Hendroko R, dan Nuramin M., 2006. Menghasilkan Biodiesel Murah Mengatasi Polusi dan Kelangkaan BBM, PT. Agromedia Pustaka, Jakarta.
- Rahayu M., 2005. Teknologi Proses Produksi Btodiesel, Prospek Pengembangan Biofuel sebagai Subsitusi Bahan Bakar Minyak, www.geocities.com. 8 November 2008.
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References
Abidi, S. L . and Warner. K. 2001. Moiecaler weight distribution of degradation product in Selectedfrying oils. JAOCS. 78 (7): 763 - 769.
Alamsyah, N. A., 2005. Mengenal Lebih Dekat Biodiesel Jarak Pagar. PT AgromediaPustaka. Jakarta.
Anonim, 1987. Mum dan Cara Uji Mtnyak Sawit. Standar Nasional Indonesia. SNI 01 - 0013 - 1987. Dewan Standarisasi Jakarta.
Anonim, 2008. Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Laju Reaksi, http://smk3ae.wordpress.com. 21 Oktober 2008.
Azam et al, 2005. Prospects and potential of fatty acid methyl esters of some non-traditional seed oils for use as biodiesel in India.
Destiana, M., Zandy, A., Nazef dan Puspasari, S., 2007. Intensifikasi Proses Produksi Biodiesel, http://pub.bhaktiganesha.or.id, 18 November 2008.
Gerpen, V. L, Shanks, B., dan Pruszko .R., 2004. Biodiesel Production Technology. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, United States.
Hambali, Erliza, et at, 2006. Jarak Pagar, Tanaman Pengahasil Biodiesel. Cetakan ke- 2. Penerbit Swadaya. Jakarta.
Hildited. T. P dan P. N. William, 1964. The Chemical Conittuuon of Natural Fats, Chapman and Hall London.
Huy, Y, H. 1996. Bailey's Industrial Oil And Fat Products ", Fifth Edition, Jhon Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York,
Indartono, Y. S., 2008. Mengenal Biodiesel:Karakieristik; Produksi, Hingga Performansi Mesin(3), http://www.beritaiptek.com. 21 Oktober 2008.
Irdoni, H.. S., dan Nirwana, Hz. 2007. Modul Kimia Organtk: Teknik Kimia Universitas Riau. Pekanbaru.
Kemenetrian Negara Lingkungan Hidup, 2006. Katalis dan Pengelolaan Spent Katalis, http://b3.menlh.go.id, 21 Oktober 2008.
Kasim, R. 2010. Desai esterifikasi menggunakan katalis zeolit pada proses pembuatan biodiesel dari crude palm oil (CPO) melalui metode dua tahap esterifikasi-transesterifikasi. Tesis Program Pascasarjana. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor
Kataren, S.1986. Pengantar Teknologi Minyak dan Lemak Pangan.UI Press. Jakarta.
Lotero, E., Goodwin, J. G., Bruce, D. A, Suwannakarn, K., Liu, Y. and Lopez, D. E., 2006. The Catalysis of BiodieselSynthesis,http://www.rsc.org, 28 November 2008.
Made Sri Prana, 2006. Budidaya Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L) Sumber Biodiesel. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia.Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi. Jakarta
Morison, T 7 Boyd, 1977. Organic Chemistry. Prentice - hall of India private Limited. New Delhi, Vol 3.
Nirwana, dkk, 2003. Stntesis Sukrosa Metil Ester dari Bahan Baku Crude Palm Oil. Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Riau.
Prihandana R, Hendroko R, dan Nuramin M., 2006. Menghasilkan Biodiesel Murah Mengatasi Polusi dan Kelangkaan BBM, PT. Agromedia Pustaka, Jakarta.
Rahayu M., 2005. Teknologi Proses Produksi Btodiesel, Prospek Pengembangan Biofuel sebagai Subsitusi Bahan Bakar Minyak, www.geocities.com. 8 November 2008.
Sonntag, N. O. V., 1982. Fat Splitting. Esterification, and Irueresterification. Di dalam Baileys, Industrial Oil and Fat Products Vol. 11,4 Ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York.