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References
- Carver, J. 1999. Dietary nucleotides: Effects on the immune and gastrointestinal systems. Acta Paediatrica. (88) : 83–88.
- Chiofalo, B., V. L. Presti, G. Savoini, E. D’Alessandro, V. Chiofalo dan L. Liotta. 2011. Nucleotides in broiler chicken diet: effect on breast muscles quality. Czech J. Food Sci. 29 (4): 308 – 317
- Daneshmand, A., H. Kermanshasi, M. D. Mesgaran, A. J. King dan S. A. Ibrahim. 2017. Combination of purine and pyrimidine nucleosides influences growth performance, gut morphology, digestive enzymes, serum biochemical indices and immune functions in broiler chickens. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 228: 186 – 193.
- Elisa, W., E. Widiastuti dan T. A. Sarjana. 2017. Bobot relatif organ limfoid dan usus halus ayam broiler yang disuplementasi probiotik bacilus plus. 2017. Prosiding Seminar Teknologi dan Agribisnis Peternakan V : Teknologi dan Agribisnis Peternakan untuk Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan, Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Jenderal Soedirman 18 November 2017. 297 – 301.
- Gao, T., M. M. Zhao, L. Zhang, J. L. Li, L. L. Yu, P. A. Lv, F. Gao, dan G. H. Zhou. 2017. Effects of in ovo feeding of l-arginine on the development of lymphoid organs and small instestinal immune barrier function in posthacth broilers. Animal Feed Science and Technology. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.01.004
- Hanum, S., H. Budiman dan D. Masyhita. 2017. Gambaran histologis limpa ayam kampung (Gallus gallus domesticus) pada umur berbeda. J. Ilmiah Mahasiswa Veteriner 1 (3): 552 – 557.
- Hess., J. R. dan N. A. Greenberg. 2012. The role of nucleotides in the immune and gastrointestinal systems: potential clinical applications. Nutrition in Clinical Practice 27(2): 281 – 294.
- Hewajuli, D. A. dan N. L. P. I. Dhamayanti. 2015. Peran sistem kekebalan non-spesifik dan spesifik pada unggas terhadap newcastle disease. Wartazoa 25 (3): 135 – 146.
- Jung, B. dan A. B. Batal. 2012. Effect of dietary nucleotide supplementation on performance and development of the gastrointestinal tract of broilers. Br. Poult. Sci. (53): 98 – 105.
- Kruger, D. dan M. V. D. Werf. 2018. Benefits of nucleotide supplementation in poultry. Ohly Application Note. 1 – 3.
- Kusnadi, E. 2009. Perubahan malonaldehida hati, bobot relatif bursa fabricius dan rasio heterofil/limfosit (h/l) ayam broiler yang diberi cekaman panas. Media Peternakan 32 (2): 81 – 87.
- Leeson, S. dan J. D. Summer. 2000. Broiler Breeder Production. Nottingham University Press.
- Leung, H., R. Patterson., J. R. Barta., N. Karrow dan E. Kiarie. 2019. Nucleotide-rich yeast extract fed to broiler chickens challenged with eimeria: impact on growth performance, jejunal histomorphology, immune system and apparent retention of dietary components and caloric efficiency. Poultry Science (0): 1 – 9. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez213
- Nangoy, F. J. 2012. Kajian penyusutan berat badan dan peningkatan suhu tubuh ayam broiler terimplementasi kurkuma (Curcuma longa) gula aren (Arenga pinata) akibat lama transportasi. Indonesian Journal of Applied Sciences 2 (3): 119 – 122.
- Nasrullah., R. Rahim., Baharuddin., R, Mulyadi., N. Jamala dan A. Kusno. 2017. Temperatur dan kelembaban relatif udara outdoor. Di dalam Prosiding Temu Ilmiah IPLBI 2015.hal 45 – 50.
- Niu, Z. Y., F. Z. Liu, Q. L. Yan dan W. C. Li. 2009. Effect of different level of vitamin e on growth performance and immune responses of broiler under heat stress. Poultry Science 88 (10): 2101 – 2107.
- Puspitasari, S., Isroli dan E. Kusumanti. 2016. Pengaruh penggunaan rumput laut dan pare dalam ransum terhadap jumlah leukosit dan persentase bobot bursa fabricius ayam broiler. J. Pengembangan Penyuluhan Pertanian 13 (23): 13 – 19.
- Rotiah, E. Widiastuti dan D. Sunarti. 2018. Relative weight of small intestine and lymphoid organ of finisher period broiler chicken at different rearing temperatures. J. Animal Research and Applied Science 1 (1): 6 – 10.
- Safari, O., Shahsavani, D., Paolucci, M., and M. M. S. Atash. 2014. The effects of dietary nucleotide content on the growth performance, digestibility and immune responses of juvenile narrow clawed crayfish, A stacus Leptodactylus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823. Aquaculture Research, 1(13): 2685–2697.
- Silva, V. K., J. D. T. da Silva, K. A. A. Torres, D. E. de F. Filho, F. H. Hada dan V. M. B. de Moraes. 2009. Humoral immune response of broilers fed diets containing yeast extract and prebiotics in the prestarter phase and raised at different temperatures. J. Applied Poultry Research 18 (3): 530 – 540.
- Sudarwati, H., M. H. Natsir dan V. M. A. Nurgiartiningsih. 2019. Statistika dan Rancangan Percobaan (Penerapan dalam Bidang Peternakan). UB Press.
- Sugito, Fakhrurrazi dan M. Isa. 2011. Efek pemberian ekstrak jaloh dikombinasi dengan probiotik dan kromium terhadap profil hematologi dan titer antibodi vaksin ND pada ayam broiler yang mengalami stres panas. J. Agripet 11 (2): 8 – 15.
- Tamzil, M. H. 2014. Stres Panas pada Unggas : Metabolisme, Akibat dan Upaya Penanggulangannya. Wartazoa 24 (2): 57 – 66.
- Yasa, I M. S., I K. Darminta dan I K. Ta. 2019. Kontrol heat stress index ruangan ayam broiler pada periomode brooding secara otomatis berbasis arduino-uno. Politeknologi 18 (2): 151 – 158.
- Zulfa, R., H. I. Wahyuni dan Sugiharto. 2019. Bobot relatif organ limfoid ayam broiler yang diberi ekstrak tomat sebagai air minum dan diinfeksi bakteri Escherichia coli. Seminar Nasional Dalam Rangka Dies Natalis UNS ke 43 Tahun 2019 : Sumber Daya Pertanian Berkelanjutan dalam Mendukung Ketahanan dan Keamanan Pangan Indonesia pada Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. hal 42 – 48.
References
Carver, J. 1999. Dietary nucleotides: Effects on the immune and gastrointestinal systems. Acta Paediatrica. (88) : 83–88.
Chiofalo, B., V. L. Presti, G. Savoini, E. D’Alessandro, V. Chiofalo dan L. Liotta. 2011. Nucleotides in broiler chicken diet: effect on breast muscles quality. Czech J. Food Sci. 29 (4): 308 – 317
Daneshmand, A., H. Kermanshasi, M. D. Mesgaran, A. J. King dan S. A. Ibrahim. 2017. Combination of purine and pyrimidine nucleosides influences growth performance, gut morphology, digestive enzymes, serum biochemical indices and immune functions in broiler chickens. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 228: 186 – 193.
Elisa, W., E. Widiastuti dan T. A. Sarjana. 2017. Bobot relatif organ limfoid dan usus halus ayam broiler yang disuplementasi probiotik bacilus plus. 2017. Prosiding Seminar Teknologi dan Agribisnis Peternakan V : Teknologi dan Agribisnis Peternakan untuk Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan, Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Jenderal Soedirman 18 November 2017. 297 – 301.
Gao, T., M. M. Zhao, L. Zhang, J. L. Li, L. L. Yu, P. A. Lv, F. Gao, dan G. H. Zhou. 2017. Effects of in ovo feeding of l-arginine on the development of lymphoid organs and small instestinal immune barrier function in posthacth broilers. Animal Feed Science and Technology. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.01.004
Hanum, S., H. Budiman dan D. Masyhita. 2017. Gambaran histologis limpa ayam kampung (Gallus gallus domesticus) pada umur berbeda. J. Ilmiah Mahasiswa Veteriner 1 (3): 552 – 557.
Hess., J. R. dan N. A. Greenberg. 2012. The role of nucleotides in the immune and gastrointestinal systems: potential clinical applications. Nutrition in Clinical Practice 27(2): 281 – 294.
Hewajuli, D. A. dan N. L. P. I. Dhamayanti. 2015. Peran sistem kekebalan non-spesifik dan spesifik pada unggas terhadap newcastle disease. Wartazoa 25 (3): 135 – 146.
Jung, B. dan A. B. Batal. 2012. Effect of dietary nucleotide supplementation on performance and development of the gastrointestinal tract of broilers. Br. Poult. Sci. (53): 98 – 105.
Kruger, D. dan M. V. D. Werf. 2018. Benefits of nucleotide supplementation in poultry. Ohly Application Note. 1 – 3.
Kusnadi, E. 2009. Perubahan malonaldehida hati, bobot relatif bursa fabricius dan rasio heterofil/limfosit (h/l) ayam broiler yang diberi cekaman panas. Media Peternakan 32 (2): 81 – 87.
Leeson, S. dan J. D. Summer. 2000. Broiler Breeder Production. Nottingham University Press.
Leung, H., R. Patterson., J. R. Barta., N. Karrow dan E. Kiarie. 2019. Nucleotide-rich yeast extract fed to broiler chickens challenged with eimeria: impact on growth performance, jejunal histomorphology, immune system and apparent retention of dietary components and caloric efficiency. Poultry Science (0): 1 – 9. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez213
Nangoy, F. J. 2012. Kajian penyusutan berat badan dan peningkatan suhu tubuh ayam broiler terimplementasi kurkuma (Curcuma longa) gula aren (Arenga pinata) akibat lama transportasi. Indonesian Journal of Applied Sciences 2 (3): 119 – 122.
Nasrullah., R. Rahim., Baharuddin., R, Mulyadi., N. Jamala dan A. Kusno. 2017. Temperatur dan kelembaban relatif udara outdoor. Di dalam Prosiding Temu Ilmiah IPLBI 2015.hal 45 – 50.
Niu, Z. Y., F. Z. Liu, Q. L. Yan dan W. C. Li. 2009. Effect of different level of vitamin e on growth performance and immune responses of broiler under heat stress. Poultry Science 88 (10): 2101 – 2107.
Puspitasari, S., Isroli dan E. Kusumanti. 2016. Pengaruh penggunaan rumput laut dan pare dalam ransum terhadap jumlah leukosit dan persentase bobot bursa fabricius ayam broiler. J. Pengembangan Penyuluhan Pertanian 13 (23): 13 – 19.
Rotiah, E. Widiastuti dan D. Sunarti. 2018. Relative weight of small intestine and lymphoid organ of finisher period broiler chicken at different rearing temperatures. J. Animal Research and Applied Science 1 (1): 6 – 10.
Safari, O., Shahsavani, D., Paolucci, M., and M. M. S. Atash. 2014. The effects of dietary nucleotide content on the growth performance, digestibility and immune responses of juvenile narrow clawed crayfish, A stacus Leptodactylus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823. Aquaculture Research, 1(13): 2685–2697.
Silva, V. K., J. D. T. da Silva, K. A. A. Torres, D. E. de F. Filho, F. H. Hada dan V. M. B. de Moraes. 2009. Humoral immune response of broilers fed diets containing yeast extract and prebiotics in the prestarter phase and raised at different temperatures. J. Applied Poultry Research 18 (3): 530 – 540.
Sudarwati, H., M. H. Natsir dan V. M. A. Nurgiartiningsih. 2019. Statistika dan Rancangan Percobaan (Penerapan dalam Bidang Peternakan). UB Press.
Sugito, Fakhrurrazi dan M. Isa. 2011. Efek pemberian ekstrak jaloh dikombinasi dengan probiotik dan kromium terhadap profil hematologi dan titer antibodi vaksin ND pada ayam broiler yang mengalami stres panas. J. Agripet 11 (2): 8 – 15.
Tamzil, M. H. 2014. Stres Panas pada Unggas : Metabolisme, Akibat dan Upaya Penanggulangannya. Wartazoa 24 (2): 57 – 66.
Yasa, I M. S., I K. Darminta dan I K. Ta. 2019. Kontrol heat stress index ruangan ayam broiler pada periomode brooding secara otomatis berbasis arduino-uno. Politeknologi 18 (2): 151 – 158.
Zulfa, R., H. I. Wahyuni dan Sugiharto. 2019. Bobot relatif organ limfoid ayam broiler yang diberi ekstrak tomat sebagai air minum dan diinfeksi bakteri Escherichia coli. Seminar Nasional Dalam Rangka Dies Natalis UNS ke 43 Tahun 2019 : Sumber Daya Pertanian Berkelanjutan dalam Mendukung Ketahanan dan Keamanan Pangan Indonesia pada Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. hal 42 – 48.